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GENERAL DESCRIPTION
Preliminary
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TMPA420DS
Rev.3.0 August 15, 2007
15W/Ch STEREO CLASS-D AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER
FEATURES
15W/Ch Stereo Class-D Output Power efficiency is up to 82% Convenient gain control Time delay for de-pop control Thermal Protection Output Pin Short-Circuit Protection Low Quiescent Current (10mA Typical at 12V) Low Current in Shutdown Mode (<1A Typical)
The TMPA420DS is a Bridge-Tied-Load (BTL) output Class-D audio power amplifier for driving speakers with high power efficiency. It is able to drive 4, 6, 8 or 16 speakers. The output power can be up to 15W per channel. No external heat-sink is necessary. The gain of the amplifier is defined by either gain0/gain1 gain control or by input resistance. Thermal protection and short-circuit protection are integrated for safety purpose. The internal de-pop circuitry eliminates pop noise at power-up & shutdown operations.
Separate VCC & PVCC Regulated 5-V Supply Output
APPLICATIONS
LCD Monitors, TVs, DVD Players and Powered Speakers
For best performance, please refer to
http://www.taimec.com.tw/English/EVM.htm http://www.class-d.com.tw/English/EVM.htm
PACKAGE
QFN48 available
for PCB layout.
REFERENCE CIRCUIT
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NC
Preliminary
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TMPA420DS
Rev.3.0 August 15, 2007
ROUTN
ROUTN
PGNDR
PGNDR
ROUTP
ROUTP
PVCCR
PVCCR
PVCCR
PVCCR PVCCL
LOUTP
LOUTN
LOUTN
PGNDL
PGNDL
LOUTP
NC
PVCCL
PVCCL
PVCCL
Please email david@taimec.com.tw for complete datasheet.
Tai-1 Microelectronics reserves the right to make corrections, modifications, enhancements, improvements, and other changes to its products and services at any time and to discontinue any product or service without notice. Customers are responsible for their products and applications using Tai-1 Microelectronics components.
Note that the external components or PCB layout should be designed not to generate abnormal voltages to the chip to prevent from latch up which may cause damage to the device.
NC
NC
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Typical Application
Preliminary
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TMPA420DS
Rev.3.0 August 15, 2007
ROUTC1 1uF(16V) L5 33uH
ROUT+ C2 1uF(16V) L6 33uH
PVCC
C18 1000uF(25V)
PVCC
PVCC
0.1uF(16V) C22
C23 0.1uF(16V)
48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 40 39 38 37
R7
22k C9 0.47nF(6.3v) SD
R9 10k 1 switch S1 2 C4 1uF(6.3v) 3 C5 1uF(6.3v) 4 C11 1uF(6.3v) 5 C6 1uF(6.3v) 6 C3 1uF(6.3v) 7 C12 1uF(6.3v) 8 9 J2 SW SPST 10 J3 SW SPST 11 12 AVDD R10 120k R11 120k
PVCC U1
NC PV CCR PV CCR ROU TN ROU TN PG NDR PG NDR ROU TP ROU TP PV CCR PV CCR NC
J1
RINP LINP R5 22k
PHONEJACK STEREO
R6 22k
C10 0.47nF(6.3v) J4 R8 22k
SD RINN RINP HFVDDR LINP LINN HFVDDL AGND GAINO GAIN1 NC NC
420DS
R2 330 R3 330 R1 0
VR
PVCC
13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
C7 1uF(16V)
NC PV CCL PV CCL LO UTN LO UTN PG NDL PG NDL LO UTP LO UTP PV CCL PV CCL NC
NC NC NC AVCC NC NC AGND VDDZ AVDD HFRC AGND NC
36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 28 AVDD 27 26 25
R12 100
+ C16
C24 0.1uF(16V)
10uF(16V)
C13 1uF(6.3V) C14 1uF(6.3V)
C25 0.1uF(16v)
C26 0.1uF(16v) C19 1000uF(25V) PVCC
L7 33uH
L8 33uH
C8 1uF(16V)
LOUT-
LOUT+
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TERMINAL FUNCTIONS
TERMINAL I/O NAME AGND AVCC AVDD HFVDDR HFVDDL HFRC LINN LINP LOUTN LOUTP PGNDL PGNDR PVCCL PVCCR RINP RINN ROUTN ROUTP SD GAIN0 GAIN1 VDDZ NC PIN NO 8,26,30 33 28 4 7 27 6 5 16,17 20,21 18,19 42,43 14,15,22,23 38,39,46,47 3 2 44,45 40,41 1 9 10 29 11,12,13,24, 25,31,32,34, 35, 36,37,48 I O O O I I O O I I O O I I I O
Preliminary
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TMPA420DS
Rev.3.0 August 15, 2007
DESCRIPTION Analog ground High-voltage power supply (8V to 15V) 5-V voltage 2.5-V Reference for convenience of single-ended inputs 2.5-V Reference for convenience of single-ended inputs Power up delay Negative differential input for left channel Positive differential input for left channel Class-D negative output for left channel Class-D positive output for left channel Power ground for left channel Power ground for right channel Power supply for left channel(8V to 15V) Power supply for right channel(8V to 15V) Positive differential input for right channel Negative differential input for right channel Class-D negative output for right channel Class-D positive output for right channel Shutdown (Low valid) Gain0 control Gain1 control 5-V Regulated output (25mA output) No connection
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Over operating free-air temperature range unless otherwise noted(1) In normal mode Supply voltage, PVCCR, PVCCL, AvCC (Iload=0) In shutdown mode Input voltage, SD Input voltage, Gain0, Gain1, LINN, LINP, RINN, RINP Continuous total power dissipation Operating free-air temperature, TA Operating junction temperature, TJ Storage temperature, Tstg -0.3V to 17V -0.3V to 17V -0.3V to AVCC+0.3V -0.3V to 5V V V V V
See package dissipation ratings -20 to 85 C -20 to 150 -40 to 150 C C
(1) Stresses beyond those listed under"absolute maximum ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under "recommended operating conditions "is not implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
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Supply voltage, VCC High-level input voltage, VIH Low-level input voltage, VIL High-level input current, IIH Low-level input current, IIL Operating free-air temperature, TA
Preliminary
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TMPA420DS
Rev.3.0 August 15, 2007
RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS
MIN
PVCCR, PVCCL, AvCC SD , Gain0, Gain1 SD , Gain0, Gain1 VCC=15V, SD =15V VCC=15V, Gain0=Gain1=5V VCC=15V, SD =0V VCC=15V, Gain0=Gain1=0V -20 8 2.0 0.8 100 5 0.5 0.5 85
MAX
15
UNIT
V V V uA uA C
PACKAGE DISSIPATION RATINGS
PACKAGE QFN48(FD) DERATING FACTOR 33 mW/ C C TA 25 POWER RATING 4.125W TA = 70 C POWER RATING 2.64W TA = 85 C POWER RATING 2.15W
DC CHARACTERISTICS
T A=25 VCC=15V, RL=8 speaker (unless otherwise noted) C, PARAMETER
VOS VDD/AVDD fOSC HFVDDR/HFVDDL ICC ICC(SD) Output offset voltage 5-V Regulated output Oscillator frequency Half VDD reference output Quiescent current (no load) Supply current in shutdown mode Drain-source on-state resistance for all outputs
TEST CONDITIONS
LINN LINP RINN RINP AC grounded IO=0 to25mA, SD =High, VCC=8V to 15V PVCC= VCC=8-15V No load SD =High, VCC= 12V SD =High, VCC= 15V SD =0.8V, VCC= 9V~15V VCC=15V IO=1A, Gain0=High, High side Low side Total Gain1= High Gain1=High Gain1= Low Gain1= Low Gain1= High Gain1=High Gain1= Low Gain1= Low Gain1= High Gain1=High Gain1= Low Gain1= Low Gain1= High Gain1=High Gain1= Low Gain1= Low Gain0=Low, Gain0=High, Gain0=Low, Gain0=High, Gain0=Low, Gain0=High, Gain0=Low, Gain0=High, Gain0=Low, Gain0=High, Gain0=Low, Gain0=High,
MIN
TYP
30
MAX
UNIT
mV
4.5 250
5.0
5.5 350
V kHz
0.5x AVDD 10 16 1 600 500 1100 34 28 22 18 32 26 20 16 30 25 19 14 15 30 60 100 k dB dB m 20 30 mA uA
rds(on)
Voltage Gain at Vcc=15V
Gain
Voltage Gain at Vcc=12V
Voltage Gain at Vcc=9V
Zi
Input resistance of RINN/RINP/LINN/LINP
Gain0=Low, Gain0=High, Gain0=Low,
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AC CHARACTERISTICS
PARAMETER
Preliminary
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TMPA420DS
Rev.3.0 August 15, 2007
T A=25 VCC=15V, RL=8 speaker (unless otherwise noted) C, TEST CONDITIONS
15V RL=4 12V 9V 15V RL=6 *PO(max) Maximum continuous output power (r.m.s) at 1kHz, (Limited by thermal condition) RL=8 12V 9V 15V 12V 9V 15V RL=16 Vn SNR Output noise Signal-to-noise ratio Maximum output at THD+N0.5, f=1kHz Gain0=Gain1=high, VCC=12V, PO=1W RL=8 12V 9V
MIN
TYP
12.5 10 6.22 15 9.3 5.34 12.7 8 4.58 7.65 4.8 2.73 -70 85
MAX
UNIT
W
W
W
W dBV dB
Crosstalk Crosstalk between outputs Thermal trip point Thermal hysteresis
-60 145 25
dB C C
*Important noticeMore copper area and vias are required for high output power especially when the output power is higher than 7Wx2.
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DETAILED DESCRIPTION Efficiency
Preliminary
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TMPA420DS
Rev.3.0 August 15, 2007
The output transistors of a class D amplifier act as switches. The power loss is mainly due to the turn on resistance of the output transistors when driving current to the load. As the turn on resistance is so small that the power loss is small and the power efficiency is high. With 8 ohm load the power efficiency can be better than 80%.
PCB layout for power dissipation
No heat sink is necessary for power dissipation. However the PCB layout should be well designed to dissipate heat for high output power. With 80% power efficiency the generated heat when driving 15 watts to the 8 ohm load is about 3.75 watts. The heat can be carried out through the thermal pad of the device to the PCB. To ensure proper dissipation of heat the PCB has to have heat path from the bottom of the device which is soldered to the PCB. The area of the metal on the PCB for heat dissipation should be big enough. It is suggested that both sides of the PCB are used for power dissipation.
Shutdown
The shutdown mode reduces power consumption. A LOW at shutdown pin forces the device in shutdown mode and a HIGH forces the device in normal operating mode. Shutdown mode is useful for power saving when not in use. This function is useful when other devices like earphone amplifier on the same PCB are used but class D amplifier is not necessary. Internal circuit for shutdown is shown below.
HFRCpop-less
HFRC provides a way of soft start up delay. A half_Vcc voltage detector is integrated to detect a RC charge up. The resistor of 320k ohms of the RC circuit is also integrated in the chip but the capacitor is externally hooked up. For C=1uF the half_Vcc delay is
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1-e-t/RC=0.5 or e-t/RC=0.5
Preliminary
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TMPA420DS
Rev.3.0 August 15, 2007
that is t = - RC In0.5= 320k x 1u 0.693 = 0.22 seconds
Differential input VS single ended input
Differential input offers better noise immunity over single ended input. A differential input amplifier suppresses common noise and amplifies the difference voltage at the inputs. For single ended applications just tie the negative input end of the balanced input structure to ground. If external input resistors are used, the negative input has to be grounded with a series resistor of the same value as the positive input to reduce common noise.
Voltage gain
The voltage gain can be set through gain0/gain1 control or by external input resistors connecting to input pins. If external resistors are used they should be well matched. Well matched resistors are also required even for single ended input configuration for low noise. Suppose the external input resistors Rext are used then the voltage gain is roughly Av=750k ohms / (Rext+15k ohms) for gain0=gain1=High Where 15k ohms is the internal resistance of the input pins. For other gain0/gain1 states please refer to DC CHARACTERISTICS for different input resistance.
Input filter
AC coupling capacitors are required to block the DC voltage from the device. They also define the -3db frequency at the low frequency side. The -3db frequency of the low frequency side is f-3db = 1/ (2R C) where C is the AC coupling capacitance and R is the total resistance in series with C.
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Also note that the input
Preliminary
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TMPA420DS
Rev.3.0 August 15, 2007
Note that R=Zin(internal resistance) + Rext(external resistance) resistance of RINN/RINP/LINN/LINP is 15K ohms at Gain0=Gain1=high. Please refer to DC CHARACTERISTICS for detail. In the following diagram Rext=22k ohms, Zin=15k ohms and C=C1=0.47uF. Thus the -3db frequency at the low frequency side is about 9Hz.
Rinp
R
22k
C1 0.47uF C2 Zin 15k right channel C1 0.47uF Zin 15k
Rinn
R
22k
0.47nF
Class-Damplifier 22k C1 0.47uF C2 Linn R 22k 0.47nF C1 0.47uF Zin Zin 15k leftchannel 15k
Linp
R
A bypass capacitor placed in between the positive signal path and negative signal path is to attenuate the high frequencies. It defines the -3bd frequency at the high frequency side. The input filter becomes a band pass filter. The -3db frequency of the high frequency side is f-3db=1/(2RC) where C is the bypass capacitance and R is the total resistance in parallel with C. In this example Rext=22k ohms, Zin=15k ohms and C=C2=0.47nF. Thus the -3db frequency at the high frequency side is about 19kHz.
Output filter
Ferrite bead filter can be used for EMI purpose. The ferrite filter reduces EMI around 1 MHz and higher FCC and CE only test radiated emissions greater than 30 MHz When selecting a . ferrite bead, choose one with high impedance at high frequencies, but low impedance at low frequencies.
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reference.
Preliminary
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TMPA420DS
Rev.3.0 August 15, 2007
Use an LC output filter if there are low frequency 1 MHz EMI sensitive circuits and/or there are long wires from the amplifier to the speaker. EMI is also affected by PCB layout and the placement of the surrounding components. The suggested LC values for different speaker impendence are showed in following figures for
Typical LC Output Filter (1)
33H Vo+ 0.47 F 33H Vo0.1 F 0.1 F
Typical LC Output Filter (2)
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EARPHONE USE
as SE (single-ended) output.
Preliminary
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TMPA420DS
Rev.3.0 August 15, 2007
Class-D output can be used to drive earphone. However to avoid high power to overdrive earphone and to prevent human ear to accidentally be hurt, a resistor has to be put in series with the earphone speaker. Typically a resistor of 330 ohms is adequate for this purpose. Since stereo earphone can not have BTL configuration, one end of BTL signals can be used
Over temperature protection
A temperature sensor is built in the device to detect the temperature inside the device. When a high temperature around 145oC and above is detected the switching output signals are disabled to protect the device from over temperature. Automatic recovery circuit enables the device to come back to normal operation when the internal temperature of the device is below around 120 oC.
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around 120oC.
Preliminary
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TMPA420DS
Rev.3.0 August 15, 2007
Over temperature protection
A temperature sensor is built in the device to detect the temperature inside the device. When a high temperature around 145oC and above is detected the switching output signals are disabled to protect the device from over temperature. Automatic recovery circuit enables the device to come back to normal operation when the internal temperature of the device is below
Over current protection
A current detection circuit is built in the device to detect the switching current of the output stages of the device. It disables the device when a pulse current beyond 8 amps is detected. It protects the device when there is an accident short between outputs or between output and ground pins. It also protects the device when an abnormal low impedance is tied to the output. High current beyond the specification may potentially causes electron migration and permanently damage the device. Shutdown or power down is necessary to resolve the protection situation. There is no automatic recovery from over current protection.
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Preliminary
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TMPA420DS
Rev.3.0 August 15, 2007
Physical Dimensions
( IN MILLIMETERS)
QFN48
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Preliminary
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TMPA420DS
Rev.3.0 August 15, 2007
IMPORTANT NOTICE
Tai-1 Microelectronics Corp. reserves the right to make changes to its products and services and to discontinue any product or service without notice. Customers should obtain the latest relevant information for reference. Testing and quality control techniques are used to screen the parameters. Testing of all parameters of each product is not necessarily performed.
Tai-1 Microelectronics Corp. assumes no liability for applications assistance or customer product design. To minimize the risks associated with customer products and applications, customers should provide adequate design and operating safeguards.
Reproduction of information in data sheets or related documentation is permissible only if reproduction is without alteration and is accompanied by all associated warranties, conditions, limitations, and notices. Tai-1 Microelectronics Corp. is not responsible or liable for such altered documentation.
Resale of Tai-1 Microelectronics Corp. products or services with statements different from the parameters stated by Tai-1 Microelectronics Corp. for that product or service voids all express and any implied warranties. Tai-1 Microelectronics Corp. is not responsible or liable for any such statements.
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